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1978
Excavations begin at Tillya Tepe, led by Viktor Sarianidi. The artifacts found are later placed in Kabul’s National Museum.

1979
The Soviet Union invades Afghanistan. An insurgency against the invasion leads to years of war and instability.

1988-89
After the Soviet withdrawal, Afghan society collapses. Authorities protect the hoard by hiding it away.

2003-04
Observed by National Geographic fellow Fredrik Hiebert, the hoard is recovered and returned to the National Museum.


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